Articles
10 Documents
Search results for
, issue
"Vol. 4 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU"
:
10 Documents
clear
<![CDATA[PENGUJIAN KEKUATAN TARIK DAN KEKUATAN LENTUR KOMPOSIT HIBRID PLASTIK BEKAS KEMASAN GELAS JENIS POLIPROPILENA/ SERBUK KAYU KELAPA TERMODIFIKASI/SERBUK SERAT KACA TIPE E ]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 4 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara) ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
Full PDF (179.455 KB)
|
DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v4i3.1473
<![CDATA[This study was aimed to investigate the effect of modified coconut wood flour and maleic anhydride-g-polypropylene addition in tensile strength and flexural strength of hybrid composite. Modification of coconut wood flour was also done to reduce the polarity. The hybrid composites were prepared by mixing method into an extruder. Glass Fiber Flour and maleic anhydride-g-polypropylene composition were made constant at 10 wt.% and 2 wt.% respectively and modified coconut wood flour composition was varied from 10 - 40 wt.%. Tensile test and flexural test were done. The results showed that addition of 20 wt.% modified coconut wood flour had given maximum tensile strength of 24,1 MPa and addition of 30 wt.% modified coconut wood flour had given maximum flexural strength of 31,2 MPa also inclination of both tensile and flexural strength of hybrid composite using maleic anhydride-g-polypropylene.]]>
<![CDATA[PEMANFAATAN ASAP CAIR DARI PIROLISIS CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT SEBAGAI PENGAWET ALAMI TAHU ]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 4 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara) ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
Full PDF (187.697 KB)
|
DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v4i3.1474
<![CDATA[This research aims to utilize the coconut-palm shell waste to be processed as liquid smoke grade I, used for natural preservative of tofu. The process used to produce the liquid smoke is by using pyrolysis method. The pyrolysis temperatures used ware 300 oC, 340 oC, and 380oC, with liquid smoke concentration of 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4%, and 6%. Purification of liquid smoke from grade III to grade I was made through two distillation phases at temperature of 200 oC. The produced liquid smoke grade I was then utilized to preserve the tofu in order to increase its storing period. The testing towards durability of the preserved tofu was done by Total Volatile Base (TVB) and Organoleptic. Based on the TVB values test, the tofu can last for 56 hours when it was soaked in liquid smoke, while the durability of the tofu without soaked in liquid smoke was only 16 hours. Results of the organoleptic test showed that 90% of respondents favor the taste, flavor, and texture of the liquid smoke-soaked tofu, which was pyrolysed at 340oC and at concentration of 0.5%. the TVB Value at these condition was 19.61mg N%.]]>
<![CDATA[PENGARUH SUHU ADSORPSI DAN JUMLAH PENAMBAHAN KARBON AKTIF TERHADAP KECERAHAN SURFAKTAN DECYL POLIGLIKOSIDA DARI D-GLUKOSA DAN DEKANOL ]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 4 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara) ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
Full PDF (229.055 KB)
|
DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v4i3.1475
<![CDATA[Alkyl plyglycosides (APG) is a nonionic surfactant which is environmentally friendly. Carbohidrate source as APG’s raw material supplied the hydrophilic group, and fatty alcohol acted as hydrophobic group. Some undesirable compounds formed during the APG synthesis and caused dark color. In direct synthesis, D-glucose reacts directly with decanol in molar ratio of D-glucose:decanol is 1:5 and 0,5 % of HCl as catalist based on weight of D-glucose for 1 hour at reaction temperature about 95 oC. And then the solution is neutralized with NaOH 50 % on pH 8-10. Added activated carbon with variation 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 % based on weight of solution at adsorption temperature with variation 30, 40, dan 50 oC, then filtrate and distilate the solution at vacuum condition. Product is analized using spectroscopy fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and spectroscopy UV-Vis. The highest percent of transmittance is about 44,90 % obtained at adsorption temperature 50 oC and amount of activated carbon 3 %.]]>
<![CDATA[PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI TEPUNG AMPAS TEBU MELALUI PROSES HIDROLISIS TERMAL DAN FERMENTASI SERTA RECYCLE VINASSE (PENGARUH KONSENTRASI TEPUNG AMPAS TEBU, SUHU DAN WAKTU HIDROLISIS) ]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 4 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara) ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
Full PDF (280.309 KB)
|
DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v4i3.1476
<![CDATA[The purpose of this research are to study the effect of sugarcane bagasse powder concentration, hydrolysis temperature and time on the yield of glucose and the level of glucose by recycle vinasse process. Raw sugarcane bagasse as primary material was obtained from sugarcane juice shop. Observed variabels were concentration of sugarcane bagasse, hydrolysis time and temperature. Sugarcane bagasse is powdered by blender and then mixed with aquadest (2,94; 3,85; 4,76%) and hydrolized in the hydrolysis tank. The hydrolysis process occured at 1, 1,5 and 2 hours and temperature 135, 150 and 165°C. The hydrolysis products were tested for its glucose, lignin and cellulose composition. After that, the product was fermented in order to produce bioethanol. The fermented product was filtered for its vinasse and it will be used as the feed of hydrolysis recycle process. Result showed that yield of glucose increases as the increase of sugarcane bagasse powder concentration, hydrolysis time and temperature. But, yield of glucose increases from 1 until 1,5 hour of hydrolysis time and then decreases from 1,5 to 2 hour of hydrolysis time. The highest yield of glucose (31,022%) was obtained at concentration 2,94%, 165 °C and 2 hours of hydrolysis time. Lignin and cellulose level fluctuated as the increasing of hydrolysis temperature. This might be caused by the non-uniform composition by the raw materials.]]>
<![CDATA[PENGARUH LIMBAH ABU PEMBAKARAN BIOMASSA KELAPA SAWIT TERHADAP SIFAT-SIFAT FISIKA DAN MEKANIK HIGH IMPACT POLYSTYRENE ]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 4 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara) ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
Full PDF (668.652 KB)
|
DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v4i3.1477
<![CDATA[This study aims was to determine the effect of palm oil fuel ash (POFA) composite as filler on the physical and mechanical properties of high impact polystyrene (HIPS) composites. The research methodology included preparation of raw materials, treatment POFA (hydration process of POFA), mixing using tumbler and then extruder, molding composite specimens, and testing. The variables used were weight ratio of HIPS with 140 mesh POFA at 95/5; 92.5/7.5; 90/10. The composites were tested by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), ash content, specific gravity, tensile strength, elongation at break, impact strength, hardness test, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results of FTIR characterization shows the formation of –OH bonding that was suspected as Si-OH or Si-hydrat. Results of physical and mechanical properties of the composites shows that increase of the filler composition in HIPS-POFA composites until the ratio of 90/10, increase the specific gravity to 7.2% of the original, tensile strength did not change significantly to 28.4 MPa, elongation at break decreased to 2.7%, impact strength decreased to 3.183 KJ/m2, and the hardness increased to 110.5, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) test show the transformation of POFA structure on treated POFA and intercalation between the matrix and POFA.]]>
<![CDATA[EKSTRAKSI MULTI TAHAP KURKUMIN DARI KUNYIT (Curcuma domestica Valet) MENGGUNAKAN PELARUT ETANOL ]]>
<![CDATA[Rajian Sobri Rezki]]>;
<![CDATA[Dwimas Anggoro]]>;
<![CDATA[Siswarni MZ]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 4 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara) ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
Full PDF (352.144 KB)
|
DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v4i3.1478
<![CDATA[Curcumin is a pigment in Curcuma domestica Valet, which has an orange-yellow crystal appearance, and commonly being used as a colouring agent. Extraction method which is used in extracting curcumin from Curcuma domestica Valet is one stage extraction. This research studied a multi stages extraction of curcumin from Curcuma domestica Valet. The purposes of this research is to find the best condition in extracting curcumin using multi stages extraction method, to increase the efficiency rate in curcumin extraction. This research used ethanol as a solvent, and effect from variables such as extraction time, solvent concentration, and number of extraction stages are observed. Extraction times are 60 minutes, 120 minutes, and 180 minutes. Variations of ethanol concentration are 50%, 70%, and 96%. Stage numbers of extraction are two stages extraction and three stages extraction. Extracts of curcumin are examined with qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. The best condition of multi stages curcumin extraction is determined based on yield and content of curcumin. The maximum yield obtained in this study was 12% with conditions 180 minutes extraction time, 96% ethanol concentration, and two stages extraction. The highest content of curcumin obtained is 16% with conditions 180 minutes extraction time, 96% ethanol concentration, and three stages extraction. Content means a fraction of yield. These results show that increase in extraction time, solvent concentration, and stage numbers of extraction will increase the yield and content of curcumin extracted from Curcuma domestica Valet.]]>
<![CDATA[PENGARUH BERAT PATI DAN VOLUME PLASTICIZER GLISEROL TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK FILM BIOPLASTIK PATI KENTANG ]]>
<![CDATA[Afiifah Radhiyatullah]]>;
<![CDATA[Novita Indriani]]>;
<![CDATA[M. Hendra S. Ginting]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 4 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara) ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
Full PDF (412.057 KB)
|
DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v4i3.1479
<![CDATA[Bioplastics are plastics which can be degraded by microorganisms and is made from renewable materials. Plastic film is made from potato starch (contain of starch that founded in potatoes is 22-28%), glycerol as a plasticizer and acetic acid as a catalyst. The purpose of this reasearch is to determine glycerol variation and starch weight effect on the characteristics of potato starch plastic films. Manufacture of plastic films use blending starch method with potato starch weight variations (10 g, 15 g and 20 g) and glycerol volume variations (0 ml, 1 ml, 2 ml and 3 ml). Bioplastic analysis are FTIR test, tensile strength that is supported by SEM analysis. The results obtained in the FTIR analysis does not form a new cluster on potato starch plastic film, neither on the plastic film with or without glycerol. FTIR results obtained in two plastic film are the change of OH, C = C, and CH groups strain. The strain value of OH group on potato starch is 3579.88 cm-1 turned into 2978.09 cm-1 for plastic film without glycerol while the plastic film with glycerol to be 3541.31 cm -1 and 2970.38 cm-1. C = C group is 1635.64 cm-1turned to 1697.36 cm -1 and 1697.36 cm -1. As for CH group is 2873.79 cm -1 turned to 2877.79 cm -1 and 2870.08 cm -1. And tensile strength of plastic film decreased with increasing glycerol volume. Maximum tensile strength of plastic film occurs when potato starch weight is 10 g and glycerol volume is 0 ml is 9.397 MPa. While SEM results obtained confirm on tensile strength plastic film, where there are voids, indentations and insoluble starch clump starch that can affect the value of tensile strength plastic film.]]>
<![CDATA[PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH CANGKANG KERANG BULU SEBAGAI ADSORBEN UNTUK MENJERAP LOGAM KADMIUM (II) DAN TIMBAL (II) ]]>
<![CDATA[Akhmad Anugerah S]]>;
<![CDATA[Iriany]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 4 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara) ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
Full PDF (467.768 KB)
|
DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v4i3.1480
<![CDATA[Adsorbent from fur shells could be used to adsorb heavy metal ions such, as Cd (II) and Pb (II). This is shown by the research of adsorption using the fur shells. This research was aimed to characterize the fur shells. Variables in this research were the activation temperature and concentration of the metal solution. This research was begun with reduction of the shell size to 140 mesh, then thermal activation at temperature 110ᴼC, 500ᴼC and 800ᴼC in the furnace. After that adsorbent was characterized using BET, measured its density, moisture content and ash, the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was tested by using solution of Cd (II) and Pb (II), and then the concentration of the remaining solution was measured by AAS. The result showed that activated adsorbent at temperatures 110ᴼC, 500ᴼC and 800ᴼC had surface area of 725.43; 807.94; and 803.822 m2/g. Density was inversely proportional to the activation temperature, the value of moisture content and ash obtained were in accordance to SNI. Activated adsorbent at 500ᴼC suitabled with the Freundlich Isotherm.]]>
<![CDATA[PENGARUH WAKTU FERMENTASI DAN KOMPOSISI LIMBAH KULIT BUAH AREN (Arenga pinnata) DENGAN STARTER KOTORAN SAPI TERHADAP BIOGAS YANG DIHASILKAN ]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 4 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara) ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
Full PDF (167.124 KB)
|
DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v4i3.1481
<![CDATA[Sugar palm or commonly called as Aren (Arenga pinnata) is a multipurpose crop. The widely use of sugar palm for food industries, generates sugar palm leather waste which can be used as a biomass for biogas production. This study aims to determine the quality and the quantity of biogas made from a mixed of sugar palm leather waste and water using batch anaerobic digester system and to evaluate the economic potential of biogas production from the mixture. Research carried out by mixing sugar palm leather with water in a ratio of 1:13; 1:11,5; 1:10; 1:9; and 1:8 (w/w) with cow dung as a starter mixed with water in an anaerobic digester batch system. Observed variables are biogas, biogas composition, Total Suspended Solid (TSS) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and analyzed fermentation slurry for every 3 days. pH for this study is set in the range of 6,4-8. The largest volume of biogas production is found at a ratio 1:11,5 (w/w) mixture of sugar palm leather and water that is 637 mL for total waste 1,5 L with 60,983 % methane contain. TSS removal percentage obtained was 88,10 %and percentage of COD removal by 82,43%. Slurry produces unqualified TSS and COD with the standard quality of liquid waste. The economic potential of sugar palm leather waste and water for producing biogas is beneficial.]]>
<![CDATA[EKSTRAKSI 1,8-CINEOLE DARI MINYAK DAUN EUCALYPTUS UROPHYLLA DENGAN METODE SOXHLETASI ]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU Vol. 4 No. 3 (2015): Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Talenta Publisher (Universitas Sumatera Utara) ]]>
Show Abstract
|
Download Original
|
Original Source
|
Check in Google Scholar
|
Full PDF (318.742 KB)
|
DOI: 10.32734/jtk.v4i3.1482
<![CDATA[Eucalyptus urophylla plants (family: Myrtaceae, order: Myrtales ) usually are used only wooden parts for the manufacture of frames, pulp and paper, whereas their leaves can be used to produce essential oils in the pharmaceutical usage. The aim of this research is to extract the essential oils from leaves of Eucalyptus urophylla with soxhlet extraction method, in order to obtain maximum recovery of essential oils with good quality. Prior to the extraction process, the fresh leaves of Eucalyptus urophylla were reduced so that its size become 1 × 1 cm, and then dried in an oven at a temperature of 70 °C for 1 hour after being wrapped in a filter paper, after that followed by the extraction of the leaves using a variety of solvents, namely 96 % ethanol, n-hexane and dichloromethane, then proceed with the analysis of essential oil products (cineol content analysis). In this study, experiments were conducted with a variety of treatments such as the ratio of the volume of solvent to yield, the ratio of the mass of leaves of Eucalyptus urophylla to the yield on 5 cycles , and temperature of the solvent to yield. The conclusions of this research are the best extraction results with maximum cineol value (29.17 %) was obtained using dichloromethane solvent, while using 96 % ethanol produced the maximum yield of extract.]]>
